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lang="fr-FR"> Vos enfants sont-ils doués ? Recherche ADN - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Site icon https://dev.medias-presse.info

Vos enfants sont-ils doués ? Recherche ADN

Vos enfants sont-ils doués ? Recherche ADN

Des scientifiques britanniques sont sur le point de prédire la réussite scolaire des enfants à partir de leur ADN. Il s‘agit de déterminer leurs forces et leurs faiblesses en rapport ce qu’ils sont génétiquement ; ceci afin d’orienter les parents dans l’éducation de leurs rejetons, selon les déclarations du Pr Plomin du King’s College de Londres et auteur de l’étude. L’idée première était que « ce qui rend les élèves à réussir différemment dans leur réussite scolaire est fortement affecté par des différences d’ADN. »

Pour ce faire il a étudié les variantes génétiques de 5.825 enfants âgés de 7 à 20 ans en ciblant leurs connaissances de l’anglais et des mathématiques. Pour ce faire, il a orienté ses recherches sur les variantes de 20.000 gènes identifiés comme nécessaires à la connaissance de ces matières. Ceci tout simplement en les comparant avec les génomes de personnes ne connaissant ni l’anglais ni les mathématiques. Pour chaque enfant ils ont établi un score appelé « polygénique » qui leur permet de prédire actuellement en partie le taux de leurs réussites possibles. L’intérêt bien évidemment est de prévenir les futures difficultés du développement intellectuel de l’enfant. Mais bien évidemment ce n’est qu’une partie de réponse.

Il est évident que ceci est une orientation. Il ne faut pas avoir une vision fixiste de l’ADN. Celui-ci change constamment et il est possible de le modifier par ce qui se nomme le phénotype ; en pratique les effets du milieu et de l’environnement de quelque nature que ce soit, notamment familial. Celui-ci a un rôle déterminant dans le passé et pour le futur.

Dans cette affaire, l’ADN n’est pas seul concerné et ne constitue que 10 % de la réponse. Mais pour Saskia Selzam qui dirige l’unité de recherche génétique en matière de psychiatrie, ce résultat est considérable. « C’est beaucoup mieux que ce que nous obtenons par quel qu’autre moyen. Quand on pense par exemple que le sexe  n’explique que 1 % des différences entre les aptitudes aux mathématiques entre filles et garçons ».

Il faut donc voir dans cette découverte un premier pas, mais un pas de géant vers la connaissance afférente aux aptitudes des enfants à travailler à l’école. Elle a été publiée par la revue Molecular Psychiatry du 18 juillet.

Cet article vous a plu ? MPI est une association à but non lucratif qui offre un service de réinformation gratuit et qui ne subsiste que par la générosité de ses lecteurs. Merci de votre soutien !

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