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Un monde vieillissant - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Il est paru un très long rapport de l’US Census Bureau qui est la plus importante source d’information mondiale en matière de population. Ce rapport appelé An Aging World: 2015. a été étudié par CNS news du 31 mars. Il apparaît que pour la première fois de l’histoire de l’Humanité le nombre des personnes ayant plus de 65 ans arrive à dépasser celui des enfants de moins de 5 ans. Cette tendance va augmenter dans les années qui suivent.

En 2050 la proportion de personnes de plus de 65 ans représentera 15,6 % de la population ; soit exactement le double de celui des moins de cinq ans qui s’établira à 7,2 %. Situation inédite.

vieillissement

Le Japon sera alors le pays les plus vieux du monde. Mais dans le peloton de tête de cette chute radicale de la population, on trouve 22 pays occidentaux avec en tête l’Allemagne et l’Italie, le Canada, les Etats-Unis et Porto Rico. Conséquence directe de l’usage des contraceptifs et de l’avortement. Les pays les moins exposés sont bien sûr ceux du Golfe Persique.

Voici donc dans l’ordre les pays qui auront la natalité la plus faible. Après le Japon vient l’Allemagne puis l’Italie et la Grèce. Tous ces pays auront une population de plus de 65 ans de l’ordre de 25 % de leur démographie respective.

Mondialement cette tranche de population (à ne pas confondre avec le pourcentage) doublera en nombre sur notre globe terrestre d’ici 2020 ; conjointement, la tranche 20-64 ans n’augmentera que du quart.

Actuellement la population mondiale est de 7,2 milliards de personnes. En 2050, les « plus de 65 ans » représenteront un milliard de personnes alors que la population en âge de travailler sera toujours le même qu’actuellement.

Ceci s’explique bien sûr par l’augmentation de l’espérance de vie, parallèle à une chute de la fertilité mondiale. Mais déjà à ce jour la plupart des pays ont un taux de reproduction inférieur à 2,1 nécessaire au maintien de la démographie. La seule exception est l’Afrique. L’Europe est vouée à disparaître étant donné son très faible taux de reproduction. Mais en attendant se pose une question simple : qui suppléera aux besoins des gens âgés alors que les actifs seront toujours le même nombre ?

Jean-Pierre Dickès

Cet article vous a plu ? MPI est une association à but non lucratif qui offre un service de réinformation gratuit et qui ne subsiste que par la générosité de ses lecteurs. Merci de votre soutien !

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