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Un monde de business - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Le Groupe de la Banque mondiale a rendu public le 31 octobre, son rapport Doing business 2018 qui mesure la réglementation des affaires et son application effective dans 190 économies du globe, et dans certaines villes au niveau infranational et régional. Les indicateurs présentés et analysés évaluent la réglementation des affaires et la protection des droits de propriété, ainsi que leurs effets sur les entreprises, plus particulièrement sur les petites et moyennes entreprises nationales, sur quatre axes différents :

– degré de réglementation, par exemple le nombre de procédures nécessaires pour créer une entreprise ou pour enregistrer un titre de propriété commerciale.

– conséquences de la réglementation, telles que les délais et coûts nécessaires pour exécuter un contrat, l’accomplissement des procédures de faillite, ou importer et exporter des marchandises.

– étendue de la protection légale de la propriété, par exemple la protection des investisseurs contre les abus des dirigeants de l’entreprise ou encore la gamme d’actifs pouvant servir de garantie, conformément aux lois sur les transactions garanties.

– évaluation de la charge fiscale qui pèse sur les entreprises et mesure des différents aspects inhérents à l’embauche des travailleurs.

C’est la multiplicité des critères retenus qui donne ainsi un résultat surprenant : il serait plus facile de « faire du business » en France qu’en Suisse ! Voici les classements par paliers et en ordre décroissants :

Indice supérieur à 85 : Nouvelle-Zélande (86,55).

Indice supérieur à 80 : Singapour, Danemark, Corée du Sud, Hong-Kong, Etats-Unis, Royaume-Uni, Norvège, Géorgie, Suède, Macédoine, Estonie, Finlande, Australie, Taïwan.

Indice supérieur à 75 : Lituanie, Irlande, Canada, Lettonie, Allemagne, Emirats Arabes Unis, Autriche, Islande, Malaisie, Ile Maurice, Thaïlande, Pologne, Espagne, Portugal, Tchéquie, France (76,13), Pays-Bas, Suisse, Japon, Russie, Kazakhstan, Slovénie, Biélorussie.

Indice supérieur à 70 : Slovaquie, Kosovo, Rwanda, Monténégro, Serbie, Moldavie, Roumanie, Italie, Arménie, Hongrie, Mexique, Bulgarie, Croatie, Belgique, Chypre, Israël, Chili, Brunei, Azerbaïdjan.

Indice supérieur à 65 : Pérou, Colombie, Turquie, Costa Rica, Mongolie, Luxembourg, Porto Rico, Albanie, Bahreïn, Grèce, Vietnam, Maroc, Jamaïque, Oman, Indonésie, Salvador, Ouzbékistan, Bhoutan, Ukraine, Kirghizistan, Chine, Panama, Kenya.

Indice supérieur à 60 :  Botswana, Afrique du Sud, Qatar, Malte, Zambie, Bosnie, Samoa, Tunisie, Tonga, Vanuatu, Sainte-Lucie, Arabie Saoudite, San Marin, Uruguay, Seychelles, Koweït, Guatemala, Dominique, République Dominicaine, Inde, Fidji, Trinité et Tobago, Jordanie, Lesotho.

Indice supérieur à 55 : Népal, Namibie, Antigua, Paraguay, Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée, Malawi, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Philippines, Palestine, Honduras, Iles Salomon, Argentine, Equateur, Bahamas, Ghana, Belize, Ouganda, Tadjikistan, Iran, Brésil, Guyana, Cap Vert, Egypte, Saint-Vincent, Palau, Nicaragua, Barbade.

Indice supérieur à 50 : Liban, Saint-Christophe et Niévès, Cambodge, Maldives, Tanzanie, Mozambique, Côte d’Ivoire, Sénégal, Laos, Grenade, Mali, Niger, Nigéria, Gambie, Pakistan, Burkina Faso, Iles Marshall, Mauritanie, Bénin, Bolivie.

Indice supérieur à 45 : Guinée, Djibouti, Micronésie, Togo, Kiribati, Comores, Zimbabwe, Sierra Leone, Ethiopie, Madagascar, Cameroun, Buruni, Surinam, Algérie, Gabon.

Indice supérieur à 40 : Irak, Sao Tomé et Principe, Soudan, Myanmar, Libéria, Guinée Equatoriale, Syrie, Angola, Guinée Bissau, Bangladesh, Timor oriental.

Indice supérieur à 35 : Congo, Afghanistan.

Indice supérieur à 30 : Centrafrique, Libye, Yémen, Soudan du Sud, Venezuela.

Indice supérieur à 20 :  Erythrée.

Indice inférieur à 20 : Somalie (19,98).

Par rapport à 2017, 146 pays ont vu leur situation s’améliorer, 3 rester stable et 41 empirer (dont la France avec une baisse d’indice de -0.06). Les trois pays qui ont le plus progressés sont le Malawi (+6.33), Brunei (+5.83) et la Thaïlande (+5.68) et les 3 qui ont le plus régressés sont l’Afghanistan (-1.80), le Venezuela (-0.79) et la Lettonie (-0.79).

Hristo XIEP

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