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Un exploit : des femmes ménopausées ont pu avoir des enfants - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Pour toutes les femmes, la ménopause qui survient vers 50 ans, sonne le glas de la procréation. La fertilité a disparu : il n’est plus possible d’avoir d’enfants. Or une équipe grecque affirme avoir trouvé le moyen de rajeunir les ovaires.

Au moment de la ménopause, il existe en effet encore des œufs fertiles. Mais l’ovaire ne les ovule plus car il vieillit ; entre autres en raison de la chute des taux hormonaux de stimulation. Le cycle menstruel devient irrégulier puis disparaît.

Une équipe grecque de la clinique Genesis d’Athènes dirigée par le Dr Konstantinos Sfakianoudis, a trouvé le moyen de rajeunir les ovaires et de libérer des œufs fertiles réussissant à relancer le cycle menstruel de femmes ; lequel s’était arrêté depuis plus ou moins longtemps avec un maximum de cinq ans. L’intérêt était encore plus grand en cas de ménopauses précoces. J’ai eu moi-même en clientèle deux personnes ménopausées à 32 ans : elles n’eurent qu’un seul enfant.

Les femmes naissent avec un stock d’ovocytes (œufs). Entre la puberté et la ménopause, ce nombre diminue de façon constante. Vers l’âge de 50 ans, les ovaires cessent d’en libérer : les femmes sont devenues infertiles. Et comme de plus en plus de femmes retardent leur grossesse, beaucoup d’entre elles ne concevront jamais d’enfants malgré la fécondation in vitro.

Comment « remonter le temps » ? Sfakianoudis et ses collègues se sont tournés vers un traitement sanguin destiné à aider les plaies à guérir plus rapidement. Il s’agit de plasma riche en plaquettes qui est centrifugé pour en isoler les facteurs de croissance ; ceux-ci concernent de manière générale les os et les vaisseaux qui ainsi se régénèrent. Injectés in situ, ce sera l’ovaire qui se remettra à fonctionner et permettra de redémarrer le cycle menstruel. De nouveau des ovocytes sont libérés dans les voies génitales maternelles. Ils pourront être fécondés dans des circonstances normales.

C’est ainsi qu’une trentaine de femmes ayant dépassé l’âge de la ménopause ont pu se retrouver enceinte. C’est un exploit qui a été présenté il y a un mois au congrès annuel de l’European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology à Helsinki en Finlande

Dr Jean-Pierre Dickès

Cet article vous a plu ? MPI est une association à but non lucratif qui offre un service de réinformation gratuit et qui ne subsiste que par la générosité de ses lecteurs. Merci de votre soutien !

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