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Pompéi : un graffiti ébranle les certitudes historiques - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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A toutes les époques ses graffiti, témoins insignes de la mémoire historique ! La date de l’éruption du Vésuve qui a détruit Pompéi serait remise en cause par la découverte récente d’une inscription découverte dans une maison exhumée dans le nouveau secteur de fouilles.

Ce graffiti confirmerait, explique le magazine Sciences et Avenir,

« que la destruction de la cité antique n’aurait pas eu lieu en août, mais deux mois plus tard, le 24 octobre 79.

C’est une petite inscription au fusain. Deux lignes griffonnées sur un mur, comme avaient l’habitude de le faire les habitants de Pompéi. Et cette « découverte exceptionnelle« , pour reprendre les termes d’Alberto Bonisoli, ministre de la Culture italien, devrait mettre un point final aux discussions sur la date véritable de l’éruption du Vésuve. Les historiens ont en effet longtemps pensé que le volcan napolitain avait détruit les villes romaines de Pompéi, Stabies ou Herculanum le 24 août 79. Or, ce graffiti exhumé dans le nouveau secteur de fouilles de la ville antique (Regio V) permet d’établir que la catastrophe aurait eu lieu deux mois plus tard.

Sans doute gribouillée par un ouvrier en train de rénover une maison, l’inscription mentionne « in[d]ulsit pro masumis esurit[ioni] » que l’on peut traduire par un humoristique « Il s’est bâfré ». Mais l’auteur de ces lignes a pris soin de les dater : « « XVI K Nov » soit « XVI (ante) K(alendas) Nov(embres) » qui signifie précisément « le seizième jour avant les calendes de novembre », soit le 17 octobre. Ce qui exclue d’emblée une éruption en été !  En réalité, il y a longtemps que des spéculations sur la réelle date de l’éruption allaient bon train, celle-ci ayant été remise en cause par des archéologues après la découverte de fruits d’automne et de braseros dans les ruines. Aujourd’hui, tous s’accordent à fixer la date de la terrible éruption au 24 octobre 79. »

Francesca de Villasmundo

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