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Non, la France n’est pas le pays le plus fonctionnarisé au monde - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Le projet de réforme de la fonction publique, un de plus, met la lumière sur la fonctionnarisation de la société française. Avec une réduction projetée du nombre d’agents publics de 120.000, y compris dans la fonction publique hospitalière (alors qu’on pourrait dégraisser dans la fonction publique territoriale où pantouflent tant de protégés).

Selon l’OCDE, citée dans le rapport Tableau de bord de l’emploi public, situation de la France et comparaisons internationales, publié par Stratégie en décembre 2017, la France est en effet au 6e rang de l’OCDE en ce qui concerne le nombre de fonctionnaire par tranche de 100.000 habitants : avec un indice de 89, elle est devancée par la Norvège (159), le Danemark (142), la Suède (138), la Finlande (114) et le Canada (100). Notons également qu’elle devance le Royaume-Uni (80), l’Autriche (78), la Belgique (75) et les Etats-Unis (70).

La tendance est variable selon les pays. Celui qui a le plus dégraissé sa fonction publique est la Suède, passée de l’indice 180 en 1985 à 138 en 2015. A contrario, l’Espagne est passée de l’indice 34 en 1985 à 60 en 2015. Le Canada, qui avait été en exemple par Thierry Gobet dans France, les véritables enjeux, incarne une autre tendance : les pays qui, après une cure d’austérité, remplument la fonction publique. A l’inverse, plusieurs pays ont supprimé des emplois publics en 2015 après des hausses dans les années 2000 : Japon, Etats-Unis, France…

Voici d’abord l’évolution des places des 19 pays étudiés entre 1985 et 2015 (seuls 15 pays ont été étudiés en 1985, il manque les chiffres de l’Allemagne, de l’Autriche, de la Grèce et de l’Irlande) :

  1985 1995 2005 2015
NOR 3 2 1 1
DAN 2 3 2 2
SUE 1 1 3 3
FIN 4 4 4 4
CAN 6 6 5 5
FRA 7 5 7 6
GBR 5 7 6 7
AUT X 8 8 8
BEL 9 11 9 9
USA 10 9 12 10
LUX 12 15 14 11
POR 13 13 13 12
NED 8 10 11 13
GRE X 12 10 14
ESP 15 18 15 15
IRL X 17 16 16
ALL X 16 18 17
ITA 11 14 17 18
JAP 14 19 19 19

Pour compléter ce tableau, il est nécessaire de connaître les différents indices depuis 1985, par pays (les pays sont classés en ordre décroissants) :

180 : Suède (1985)

Plus de 140 : Norvège (2015), Norvège (2005), Suède (1995), Danemark (2005), Suède (2005), Norvège (1995), Danemark (1995), Danemark (1985), Danemark (2015).

Plus de 120 : Suède (2015), Norvège (1985).

Plus de 100 : Finlande (2005), Finlande (2015), Finlande (1985), Finlande (1995), Royaume-Uni (1985), Canada (2015).

Plus de 80 : Canada (1985), Canada (2005), Royaume-Uni (2005), France (1995), Canada (1995), France (2005), Royaume-Uni (1995), France (2015), France (1985), Royaume-Uni (2015).

Plus de 60 : Autriche (2015), Autriche (2005), Pays-Bas (1985), Belgique (2005), Belgique (2015), Belgique (1985), Autriche (1995), Grèce (2005), Etats-Unis (2005), Pays-Bas (2005), Etats-Unis (2005), Etats-Unis (1995), Portugal (2005), Belgique (1995), Pays-Bas (1995), Etats-Unis (1985), Etats-Unis (2015), Luxembourg (2015), Luxembourg (2005), Portugal (2015), Pays-Bas (2015), Grèce (2015), Italie (1995), Grèce (1995), Portugal (1995), Espagne (2005), Italie (2005), Italie (1985), Luxembourg (1995), Allemagne (1995), Espagne (2015), Irlande (2005).

Plus de 40 : Luxembourg (1985), Irlande (2015), Allemagne (2005), Allemagne (2015), Italie (2015), Irlande (1995), Espagne (1995), Japon (1995), Japon (2005), Portugal (1985), Japon (1985).

Plus de 20 : Japon (2015), Espagne (1985).

Hristo XIEP

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