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Les Volontaires de l'Ouest dans la guerre de 1870-1871 (Patrick Nouaille-Degorce) - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Les  Volontaires de l'Ouest

Patrick Nouaille-Degorce, docteur en histoire, avait consacré sa thèse de doctorat aux Volontaires de l’Ouest. Ce livre en est un résumé agrémenté de nombreuses photographies et cartes ainsi que d’une préface du Lieutenant-Colonel Armel de Charrette, président d’honneur de l’Association des Descendants des Zouaves Pontificaux et Volontaires de l’Ouest.

La guerre de 1870-1871 est une guerre méconnue dont les Volontaires de l’Ouest, avatars des Zouaves Pontificaux, semblent avoir été oubliés par l’Eglise elle-même. Est-ce parce que les valeurs défendues par ces combattants de la foi sont très loin des idées politiquement correctes contemporaines ? La défense du pouvoir temporel des Papes, l’attente d’un régime fondé sur des valeurs religieuses, la doctrine de l’expiation et de la réparation, tout cela semble aujourd’hui frappé d’opprobre.

Durant le XIXème siècle, de fervents chrétiens prêts à mourir pour le Pape ont constitué le corps des Zouaves Pontificaux qui s’est battu avec les maigres troupes pontificales contre l’agression italienne dont furent victimes les Etats pontificaux. Leur épopée se termine en septembre 1870. Quelques jours après leur reddition, les Zouaves français regagnent la France qui vit une situation politique confuse depuis la défaite de Sedan. L’Eglise de France est aussi dans une situation délicate. Le gouvernement républicain est composé en majorité d’anticléricaux avérés mais le clergé, en vertu du concordat, est intégré à la fonction publique. Le ministre Crémieux autorise verbalement la création d’un corps-franc constitué autour du noyau des Zouaves Pontificaux. Ce seront les Volontaires de l’Ouest. Ils se battront contre les Prussiens « simplement par devoir ». Les évêques encouragent leurs séminaristes à prendre les armes. Mgr Freppel rédige un article en ce sens dans la Semaine religieuse d’Angers. Mgr Pie fait transformer son séminaire en caserne. Mgr David encourage ses 150 étudiants en théologie à se porter volontaires. Le général de Sonis, en poste en Algérie, est rappelé en France. Les Volontaires de l’Ouest passent sous ses ordres. Pour la bataille de Loigny, les Volontaires de l’Ouest commandés par Charette déploient une bannière du Sacré-Cœur entrée dans la légende. Les Volontaires de l’Ouest se comporteront de façon héroïque tout au long de cette guerre. Ce livre est un hommage à leur bravoure et à leur foi sincère et profonde.

Les Volontaires de l’Ouest dans la guerre de 1870-1871, Patrick Nouaille-Degorce, éditions Edilys, 143 pages, 17 euros

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