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lang="fr-FR"> Les vichysto-résistants (Bénédicte Vergez-Chaignon) - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Site icon https://dev.medias-presse.info

Les vichysto-résistants (Bénédicte Vergez-Chaignon)

Bénédicte Vergez-Chaignon est une historienne qui a consacré plusieurs ouvrages à Vichy et au Maréchal Pétain.

Voilà un livre qui bouscule bien des certitudes. Imaginez un peu. Dès les premières pages de la préface, il est rappelé qu’Henry Frenay, un des principaux chefs de la résistance, qui avait été ministre dans le premier gouvernement du général De Gaulle à la Libération, avait écrit en 1940 et complété en 1941 un manifeste qui rend hommage au Maréchal Pétain. Or, ce livre démontre, références abondantes à l’appui, que Frenay ne fut pas, loin s’en faut, le seul résistant à penser que les valeurs de la Révolution nationale étaient nécessaires à l’indispensable redressement du pays. Il apparaît ainsi qu’une bonne partie – peut-être même la plus nombreuse – des initiatives prises en 1940-1941 pour contrer l’occupant allemand l’ont été par des personnes qui approuvaient Philippe Pétain et pensaient agir en conformité avec ses désirs réels. L’auteur de cette remarquable étude souligne le refus fondamental de se placer sous l’autorité de De Gaulle, perçu comme un général rebelle et politicien, qui prévalait chez une grande part des véritables résistants de la première heure.

Mais cet ouvrage contient bien d’autres révélations. On y apprend notamment le regard que portaient les différents mouvements de la résistance, y compris les plus gaullistes, sur les Juifs, loin de la légende enseignée à l’école et au cinéma aujourd’hui.

En 1942, l’OCM – une des plus importantes structures de la résistance – avait consacré un cahier clandestin au « problème juif  » ! Mais le document le plus surprenant est probablement celui publié en mars 1944 à la suite de l’envoi en octobre 1943 d’un questionnaire à tous les réseaux de la résistance. L’auteur de cet ouvrage nous en livre un extrait :

Les Israélites doivent être écartés de tout gouvernement et de toutes les fonctions publiques. Ce dernier point serait important car si l’on réprouve les vexations, déportations et autres dont ils sont l’objet, personne ne souhaite les voir réapparaître comme avant-guerre.

Ce dont les Français ne veulent plus : les Juifs à des postes importants. (…)

Le Français n’est pas antisémite : il répugne aux persécutions raciales. Il ne crie pas lâchement que la mort des Juifs est nécessaire pour que nous puissions trouver place dans la vie. Mais il maudit les banques d’Israël (…) et il voudrait se débarrasser des échappés du ghetto qui, chassés de partout, ont envahi notre pays, sans espoir d’assimilation.

De tels propos émanant de la résistance ? L’Histoire n’est décidément pas celle des manuels scolaires.

Les vichysto-résistants, Bénédicte Vergez-Chaignon, éditions Perrin, collection Tempus, 920 pages, 12,50 euros

A commander en ligne sur le site de l’éditeur

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