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Les langues minoritaires aux Etats-Unis : le poids de l’histoire - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Si on enlève l’anglais et l’espagnol, quelles sont les langues les plus parlées dans les divers états américains ? On peut les diviser en plusieurs strates, nées de l’histoire étatsunienne :

– Langages amérindiens ou autochtones :

Trois langues indiennes sont la seconde la plus parlée dans un état : le navajo en Arizona et au Nouveau Mexique, le dakota dans le Dakota du sud et l’aléoute en Alaska.

– Langages de l’ancien Canada et de l ‘ancienne Louisiane française :

Le français est la seconde langue principale de la Louisiane, du Maine, du Vermont, du New Hampshire (sans que l’on sache la part des immigrés québécois) et du District of Columbia ; le français est à égalité avec l’allemand en Virginie occidentale et la Floride est un cas à part, puisqu’on y parle un français totalement mutant, le créole (dû à la présence massive d’immigrés haïtiens).

– Langages issus des vagues d’immigration du 18e siècle : 

L’allemand serait devenu la langue officielle des Etats-Unis si 4 juifs allemands estimant parler le yiddish et non l’allemand n’avaient pas voté pour l’anglais. Ceci se constate encore, vu que la langue de Goethe arrive en tête dans les états suivants : Idaho, Montana, Dakota du Nord, Wyoming, Colorado, Kansas, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Alabama, Caroline du Sud, Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana, Ohio et Virginie occidentale (à égalité avec le français). Beaucoup d’électeurs de ces états se sont reconnus dans Donald John Trump, lui aussi d’origine allemande.

– Langage issus des vagues d’immigration européenne du 19e siècle

Etonnamment,  aucun état n’a l’italien comme seconde langue la plus parlée, mais on parle le polonais dans l’Illinois et dans le Connecticut et mystérieusement, le  portugais au Rhode Island et dans le Massachusetts.

– Langages venus de la guerre du Vietnam

Ethnie des plateaux montagneux entre le Vietnam et le Laos, les Hmongs ont été victimes de massacres de masse totalement occultés par des médias occidentaux qui n’avaient que tendresses pour les régimes criminels de Hanoï et Vientiane. Au Minnesota et au Wisconsin, leur langue est en 2e position.

– Langages issus de l’immigration asiatique des 20e et 21e siècles

Le chinois mandarin arrive en tête en Californie, dans l’Oregon, le Washington, l’Utah, New York, la Pennsylvanie, la Caroline du nord, le Maryland, le Delaware et le New Jersey. Le vietnamien l’est dans le Nebraska, le Texas, l’Oklahoma, et le Mississippi. Le coréen en Virginie et en Géorgie. Le tagalog (la langue des Philippines) l’est à Hawaï, au Nevada et en Alaska (à égalité avec l’aléoute).

– Langages issus de l’immigration africaine du 21e siècle

Les Somaliens, outre des flics assassins au Minnesota, ont amené dans le Michigan l’arabe comme seconde langue la plus parlée…

Hristo XIEP

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