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lang="fr-FR"> Les enjeux de la bataille d’Afrin - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Site icon https://dev.medias-presse.info

Les enjeux de la bataille d’Afrin

Voilà maintenant plusieurs jours que l’armée turque a lancé son offensive contre l’enclave kurde d’Afrin, au nord-ouest de la Syrie. Les résultats ne sont guère tangibles pour l’instant (hormis la destruction stupide d’un site assyrien vieux de 3000 ans inutilement bombardé…).

Les pertes semblent faibles des deux côtés et les kurdes ne sont pas encore menacés de perdre leur bastion d’Afrin.

On sait que c’est l’annonce par Rex Tillerson, le secrétaire d’Etat américain, de la prochaine création d’une milice arabo-kurde (surtout kurde en fait) de 30 000 hommes chargée de garder la frontière turco-syrienne qui a déclenché l’ire turque.

Il n’est en effet pas question pour Erdogan d’accepter à sa porte une telle force payée par les Américains et proche du PKK, le mouvement séparatiste kurde qui opère en Turquie.

Afin d’éviter des pertes trop importantes, la Turquie a mis en première ligne les hommes de l’ASL, l’armée syrienne libre, qu’elle finance depuis maintenant plusieurs mois. C’est une évolution intéressante.

En effet, l’ASL nous a longtemps été présentée comme l’opposition syrienne modérée sur laquelle s’appuyer pour reconstruire la Syrie après le départ de Bachar el Assad. Cette fiction a aujourd’hui disparu surtout depuis la bataille d’Alep. Non seulement cette bataille fut le tournant militaire de la guerre mais en plus elle a mis en lumière les multiples exactions des combattants de l’ASL qui tenaient plusieurs quartiers Est de la ville.

Lâchée par les Américains (qui préfèrent maintenant les FDS kurdes), laminée par les bombardements russes, l’ASL n’avait plus que la Turquie pour ne pas disparaître tout à fait. Celle-ci l’a donc remise en selle à son profit.

L’ASL est aujourd’hui composée de Turkmènes (insurgés islamistes ethniquement proche des Turcs), des Frères musulmans syriens (l’idéologie originelle d’Erdogan) et de petits groupes rescapés des programmes d’aide du Pentagone qui rêvait alors de renverser le régime syrien.

Ce mouvement hétéroclite d’environ 7000 hommes tente donc, avec l’armée turque, de mettre fin à l’autonomie kurde qui prévaut à Afrin depuis 2012.

Même si, pour l’instant, les Kurdes repoussent sans mal les médiocres assauts turco-ASL, leur inquiétude est cependant réelle : ils ont créé une partition de fait qui a provoqué la colère de la Syrie (qui n’avait guère les moyens de l’empêcher) et refusé la médiation russe ; celle-ci en effet passe par un refus de toute partition du pays, or c’est l’objectif ultimes des Kurdes.

En fait, ils comptaient fermement sur Washington pour demander à Erdogan de ne pas déclencher son offensive. Mais les Américains, peu soucieux d’envenimer davantage leurs relations avec Erdogan, n’ont rien fait.

Alors, les autorités kurdes se sont résignées à aller à Canossa et ont demandé à la Syrie « d’assumer ses obligations souveraines, de protéger ses frontières des attaques de l’occupant turc et de déployer ses forces armées pour sécuriser ses frontières dans le secteur d’Afrin » !

Les kurdes parlant d’obligations souveraines de la Syrie : on croit rêver et l’on se dit qu’il n’y a que l’Orient pour nous offrir des revirements aussi improbables…

Damas se frotte les mains et attend que les Russes et les Turcs se parlent pour trouver un modus vivendi, ce qui arrivera à un moment ou un autre. Plus que jamais le temps joue en faveur de Bachar.

Quant aux Américains, ils ont, une fois de plus, démontré aux acteurs du théâtre syrien que leur présence dans ce pays est tout à fait superflue.

Antoine de Lacoste

Cet article vous a plu ? MPI est une association à but non lucratif qui offre un service de réinformation gratuit et qui ne subsiste que par la générosité de ses lecteurs. Merci de votre soutien !

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