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Les Chrétiens dans Al-Andalus : de la soumission à l'anéantissement (Rafael Sanchez Saus) - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Rafael Sanchez Saus est professeur d’histoire médiévale à l’université de Cadiz. Membre de l’Académie royale hispano-américaine des sciences, des arts et des lettres, dont il a été le directeur, il est aussi directeur de la Catedra Alfonso X el Sabio. Considéré comme l’un des meilleurs spécialistes de la frontière entre maures et chrétiens dans l’Espagne médiévale, il est également l’auteur d’une douzaine d’ouvrages sur ce sujet.

Avec ce nouvel ouvrage consacré à Al-Andalus et la persécution des chrétiens, il souhaite corriger une lecture de l’histoire contaminée par le politiquement correct, avec sa légende du paradis perdu ou de l’âge d’or du vivre ensemble. L’auteur montre toute la dureté du régime de protection (ou dhimma) auquel ont été soumis les chrétiens d’Hispanie après l’invasion musulmane et de quelle manière s’est installée une discrimination durable, c’est-à-dire un système de ségrégation et de hiérarchies qui a anéanti toute possibilité d’expansion de la foi chrétienne ou d’accès au pouvoir, aux responsabilités sociales ou aux privilèges fiscaux. Dans le même temps, l’Eglise a perdu son organisation hiérarchique et commune qui était la sienne à l’époque wisigothique. Dans le cadre de ce panorama de « dislocation » irréversible, l’on remarque le pouvoir croissant de larges structures familiales arabes (et également berbères), qui ont pu intégrer un grand nombre de personnes et contrôler les femmes au sein d’un système patrilinéaire et polygame destiné à maintenir et même à accroître l’étendue du pouvoir acquis, aussi bien en matière sociale que territoriale. De la même façon, l’on note un inexorable processus d’arabisation linguistique et d’orientalisation culturelle ; le second processus ayant toujours précédé le premier et ayant toujours été plus large car ceux qui ont été « arabisés » sont non seulement les habitants de l’Hispanie convertis à l’Islam (les muladis) mais aussi, de façon progressive, ceux qui sont restés chrétiens (les mozarabes), même s’ils ont gardé la mémoire de leurs racines latines.

Le mouvement des martyrs, qui a touché une partie des mozarabes de Cordoue, est étudié minutieusement par l’auteur.

Les Chrétiens dans Al-Andalus, Rafael Sanchez Saus, éditions du Rocher, 528 pages, 24 euros

A commander en ligne sur le site de l’éditeur

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