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L'Empire ottoman et l'Europe (Jean-François Solnon) - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Jean-François Solnon est un historien spécialiste de l’Ancien Régime.

Charles Quint écrira que le Turc est « l’ennemi perpétuel de la sainte foi catholique ».

Ce livre volumineux nous rappelle les martyrs d’Otrante, petite ville italienne ravagée par les Ottomans en 1480. A la population civile ils n’accordèrent que le choix entre la conversion à l’islam ou la mort. Huit cents hommes refusèrent d’abjurer leur foi et furent massacrés. L’archevêque et les prêtres furent tous tués, les femmes violées sur les autels, les églises détruites et les reliques jetées aux chiens.

Le lecteur suit également les héros chrétiens de la défense de Belgrade dont le siège par les Turcs est levé en 1456, trois ans après la chute de Constantinople. Partout en Europe, on célèbre les victoires de Hunyadi, le « blanc chevalier » hongrois, et de ses combattants encouragés par un célèbre prédicateur franciscain nommé Giovanni da Capistrano.

Il est ici aussi question de l’authentique histoire de Vlad Dracul, le prince chrétien de Valachie qui mena la guerre aux Turcs et mis en échec Mehmed II.

L’ouvrage rappelle également l’alliance entre François Ier et Soliman le Magnifique qui se traduisit en août 1543 par le siège de Nice sous le feu franco-ottoman. Le 15 août, fête de l’Assomption, trois assauts franco-turcs furent repoussés par les Niçois, mais les assaillants réussirent à ouvrir une brèche dans laquelle ils s’engouffrèrent. Un porte-étendard était sur le point de planter son drapeau musulman sur la muraille quand une femme du peuple, une lavandière, Catherine Ségurane, robuste et intrépide, se précipita, battoir en main, arracha l’insolent étendard, fit basculer dans le fossé quelques soldats adverses, et galvanisa ainsi ses compatriotes.

Longtemps, la lutte contre les Turcs a hanté les esprits européens. Ce livre est le récit de ces relations tourmentées entre l’Empire ottoman et l’Europe chrétienne.

L’Empire ottoman et l’Europe, Jean-François Solnon, éditions Perrin, collection Tempus, 832 pages, 12 euros

A commander en ligne sur le site de l’éditeur

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