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La modernisation accélérée de l’Inde en un chiffre - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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L’accès à l’hygiène de base est l’un des facteurs indicateurs de la modernisation d’un pays. Dans nos sociétés bourrées d’électronique et de technologie, on oublie que certaines régions du monde n’ont même pas le minima du confort vital. Moi qui ne suis pas un ancêtre, loin de là, j’ai connu « la cabane au fond du jardin », et ce n’était pas dans un trou à rats. Laurent Gerra peut lui trouver un charme lorsqu’il parodie Francis Cabrel, mais dans le fait, quand la nécessité vous prend en pleine nuit d’automne sous une pluie torrentielle, le charme est plus que relatif…

Les récentes données statistiques de l’Inde montre que le taux d’équipement en sanitaire de base a explosé en seulement 3 ans, révélant par cette simple compilation de données chères à Jacob Delafon la modernisation à outrance du pays. Modernisation qui, par effet de ruissellement, touche désormais les pauvres. Les chiffres valant plus qu’un long discours, comparons l’évolution en 36 mois :

– 100 % des maisons équipées de toilettes – 2014 : 2 (Delhi, Chandigarh) – 2017 : 12 (Delhi, Chandigarh, Gujarat, Kerala, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Chhattisgam, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, Laccadive).

– plus de 90 % des maisons équipées de toilettes – 2014 : 3 (Sikkim, Kerala, Laccadive) – 2017 : 6 (Rajasthan, Panjab, Maharashtra, Bengale Occidental, Mizoram, Andaman-et-Nicobar).

– plus de 80 % des maisons équipées de toilettes – 2014 : 2 (Panjab, Himachal Pradesh) – 2017 : 6 (Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur).

– plus de 70 % des maisons équipées de toilettes – 2014 : 3 (Haryana, Uttarkhand, Mizoram) – 2017 : 4 (Goa, Telangana, Assam, Tripura).

– plus de 60 % des maisons équipées de toilettes – 2014 : 3 (Goa, Bengale Occidental, Meghalaya) – 2017 : 1 (Jharkhand).

 – plus de 50 % des maisons équipées de toilettes – 2014 : 6 (Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Nagaland, Manipur, Tripura) – 2017 : 1 (Uttar Pradesh)

– plus de 40 % des maisons équipées de toilettes – 2014 : 5 (Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Andaman-et-Nicobar) – 2017 : 3 (Pondichéry, Cachemire, Odisha).

– plus de 30 % des maisons équipées de toilettes – 2014 :  6 (Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgam, Telangana, Pondichéry) – 2017 : 1 (Bihar).

– plus de 20 % des maisons équipées de toilettes – 2014 : 3 (Cachemire, Bihar, Jharkhand) – 2017 : 0

– plus de 10 % des maisons équipées de toilettes – 2014 : 1 (Orissa) – 2017 : 0.

Le plus bas taux d’équipement en 2014 était l’état d’Orissa (11,53 %), celui en 2017 était le Bihar (36,22 %). En trois ans, Orissa est passée de 11,53 à 44,99 % et le Bihar en 2017 a un taux supérieur à 7 états en 2014. Les plus fortes progressions sont celles du Rajasthan (de 33,3 à 96,8 %) et du Chhattisgam (de 37,4 à 100 %).

Hristo XIEP

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