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La France et l'islam au fil de l'Histoire : quinze siècles de relations tumultueuses (Gerbert Rambaud) - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Gerbert Rambaud, diplômé en droit et en histoire, est avocat aux barreaux de Paris et de Lyon.

Il souhaite nous faire réfléchir à partir de l’étude de l’histoire des relations tumultueuses entre la France et l’islam. Tout commence en avril 711, lorsqu’un général de l’armée omeyyade, sous le commandement du gouverneur de l’Afrique Musa Ibn Nusayr, décide de franchir le détroit séparent l’Europe de l’Afrique. Cet homme, Tariq Ibn Ziyad, avance avec une première armée de 7.000 hommes et 23.000 guerriers viennent rapidement le rejoindre. Il s’installe sur le rocher auquel il donne son nom, djebel Tariq, devenu Gibraltar. L’Espagne (à l’époque un royaume wisigoth) est maintenant à portée de l’islam ! C’est le début de la confrontation avec l’Europe…

En 712, le général Tariq Ibn Ziyad s’empare de Saragosse et choisit d’envoyer un message de terreur au monde chrétien : il ordonne de crucifier les hommes et de massacrer les enfants, les femmes étant réduites en esclavage.

Il ne faut que sept ans aux Arabes pour faire tomber l’ensemble du pays, à l’exception des Asturies. Désormais, le monde musulman est aux portes de la France. Moins d’un siècle après la mort de Mahomet, une armée sarrasine est aux frontières d’un pays à mille lieues de soupçonner ce qui va lui arriver. En 719, les armées musulmanes traversent les Pyrénées pour poursuivre l’invasion de l’ancien royaume wisigoth qui contrôlait la Septimanie. Narbonne, qui en est la ville principale, est prise la même année. Perpignan tombe l’année suivante. Comme pour Narbonne, tous les hommes sont tués, tandis que les femmes et enfants sont emmenés en esclavage. La France est la prochaine cible de l’expansion musulmane. Dans la foulée de ces victoires, les troupes musulmanes foncent vers Toulouse. Le Duc d’Aquitaine triomphe des Sarrasins. En 725, Carcassonne et Nîmes tombent aux mains de l’envahisseur musulman. Des garnisons sarrasines s’installent à Lyon et dans la vallée du Rhône, notamment en Avignon. Cette fois, le duc d’Aquitaine est battu sur les bords de la Garonne, et Bordeaux est pillé. Puis les musulmans pillent Poitiers. C’est le moment où intervient Charles Martel, à la tête de troupes composées de Francs, mais aussi d’Alamans, de Bavarois et d’Austrasiens. C’est la débâcle pour l’armée musulmane qui s’enfuit en Espagne.

Voilà à quoi ressembla le premier contact entre la France et l’islam. C’est aussi cela, le devoir de mémoire !

La France et l’islam au fil de l’Histoire, Gerbert Rambaud, éditions du Rocher, 322 pages, 21,90 euros

A commander en ligne sur le site de l’éditeur

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