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lang="fr-FR"> La drogue n'est plus une exception culturelle en Grande-Bretagne - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Site icon https://dev.medias-presse.info

La drogue n’est plus une exception culturelle en Grande-Bretagne

La Grande-Bretagne compte une importante population immigrée issue de ses anciennes colonies. Ces populations émigrent au Royaume-Uni et revendiquent le droit de continuer à vivre comme dans leur pays d’origine. Ces exceptions culturelles vont des sikhs, qui veulent continuer à porter dans la rue leur poignard, jusqu’aux consommateurs de khat venant de la Corne de l’Afrique. Les tribunaux britanniques viennent de mettre fin à cette revendication en interdisant la vente du khat.

Le khat est une drogue stimulante. Les feuilles et l’écorce des brindilles sont mâchées pour donner au cerveau un effet stimulant. De nombreux utilisateurs de khat en Grande-Bretagne font bouillir la feuille et la boivent avec de l’eau chaude ou en la mélangeant avec une boisson chaude.

Les utilisateurs de khat se sentent plus alertes, heureux et bavards. Sa consommation intensive peut entraîner des insomnies, de l’hypertension, des problèmes cardiaques et même le cancer de la bouche. La consommation de khat peut également causer de l’anxiété, de l’agressivité, et des réactions paranoïdes et psychotiques. Le khat, enfin, supprime l’appétit et peut aggraver des problème de santé préexistants. Pour ces raisons, la Grande-Bretagne en interdit aujourd’hui la vente.

Le gouvernement britannique a classé le khat comme un médicament de classe C, à l’instar des stéroïdes anabolisants, de la benzodiazépine, du GHB et du GBLou de la kétamine. Selon la classification britannique, les drogues de classe C sont moins graves mais restent néanmoins illégales.Ceux qui se trouvent en possession, soit pour exportation soit pour consommation, sont punis. Les premiers contrevenants reçoivent un avertissement. En cas de récidive, les délinquants paient une amende de 60 livres. La troisième infraction est punie de deux ans de prison.

Une bonne part du khat dans le pays vient du Kenya, et les agriculteurs kenyans qui fournissent la drogue constatent une perte massive d’emplois au Kenya, parmi beaucoup de jeunes surtout, ce qui en fait une cible facile pour l’organisation islamiste terroriste Al Shabaab. Beaucoup de commerçants sont des migrants venus de Somalie.

Kimathi Kiunjuri, porte-parole du plus important exportateur Sakijo International, affirme qu’environ 80 tonnes étaient exportées au Royaume-Uni par semaine, ce qui rapportait environ 470 000 dollars par envoi. La culture, principalement cultivée à Meru, est l’épine dorsale économique de cette région. Les données de l’Office de développement des cultures horticoles montrent qu’au moins 550 948 kilogrammes de khat ont été exportés en 2012.

Avant que le Royaume-Uni n’impose l’interdiction du khat, les agriculteurs et commerçants kenyans avaient demandé une ordonnance du tribunal pour empêcher la secrétaire Theresa May d’adopter cette loi interdisant le khat, mais ils ont perdu en première audience. Ces agriculteurs et commerçants kenyans sont prêts à faire appel devant la Cour de justice européenne.

Suite à la décision d’interdire le stimulant, certains agriculteurs de khat kenyans ont menacé le gouvernement britannique. Ces agriculteurs exigent que soient rendues des terres appartenant à l’armée britannique, ainsi que du blé, de l’orge et des fermes détenues par des ressortissants Britanniquesau Kenya. Ils ont également menacé d’expulser le gouvernement britannique d’une base militaire qu’il occupe encore à Nanyuki.

Le Royaume-Uni était le seul marché d’exportation restant ouvert au khat en Europe, après que les Pays-Bas l’aient interdit en 2012. L’Autorité nationale du Kenya pour la campagne contre l’abus des drogues estime que les commerçants kenyans gagnent 60 millions de dollars par an de la vente de cette drogue. L’Office des Nations Unies contre la drogue et le crime a signalé que le Royaume-Uni est devenu une voie de contrebande pour le khat en Europe et en Amérique du Nord.

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