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lang="fr-FR"> Jihadisme africain et wahhabisme : l'analyse de Bernard Lugan - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Jihadisme africain et wahhabisme : l’analyse de Bernard Lugan

Fin connaisseur de l’Afrique, Bernard Lugan observe qui sont les jihadistes africains.

Le jihadisme contemporain est l’héritier politique, doctrinal et spirituel, à la fois des Frères musulmans et du wahhabisme. Les premiers sont au pouvoir en Turquie, le second l’est en Arabie saoudite et au Qatar. Depuis qu’ils ont été renversés par l’armée égyptienne, les Frères musulmans ne contrôlent plus en Afrique du Nord que la ville libyenne de Misrata d’où ils entretiennent le chaos avec l’appui de la Turquie. Quant aux wahhabites, ils sont à la manœuvre au sud du Sahara.

Quatre mouvements jihadistes mènent des actions terroristes sur le continent africain. Il s’agit des Shabaab en Somalie, de Boko Haram dans le nord du Nigeria, de Daech-État islamique (EI) dans une partie de la Libye et d’Al-Qaïda qui fédère plusieurs groupes opérant au Maghreb, au Sahara, au Sahel et jusqu’en Côte d’Ivoire.

Les Shabaab somaliens et Boko Haram sont ancrés sur des revendications locales ou régionales. Leurs possibilités d’extension sont donc limitées. Il n’en est pas de même d’Al-Qaïda (Aqmi), et de Daech qui ont montré de remarquables facultés d’adaptation à divers terrains.

Daech qui, il y a quelques mois a semblé menaçant en Libye, n’a guère progressé depuis. Sa puissance en Irak et en Syrie reposait sur une opposition chiites-sunnites qui n’existe pas en Libye où l’organisation se heurte aux profondes identités tribales.

Pendant que Daech occupait l’avant-scène, Al-Qaïda-Aqmi refaisait ses forces et redéfinissait sa stratégie en s’efforçant de ne pas trop s’en prendre directement aux membres de la Umma, tout en se greffant avec opportunisme sur des revendications locales. Si le mouvement a un objectif mondial, il tient en effet compte des aspirations des populations qu’il tente de rallier, qu’il s’agisse des Touareg ou de certaines fractions du monde peul.

Sur le terrain, face à cette entreprise de subversion à grande échelle, la France est militairement seule. Le dispositif Barkhane ayant rendu les espaces nordistes du Mali et du Niger de plus en plus hostiles aux terroristes , ces derniers ont décidé d’opérer plus au sud, à l’abri de la toile wahhabite tissée par l’Arabie saoudite et par le Qatar. La tentation est donc grande chez certains décideurs civils français, de redéployer Barkhane vers le sud.

L’erreur serait grande car, détourner nos forces en les faisant basculer sur des positions plus sudistes ferait le jeu des jihadistes qui attendent de nous voir relâcher notre étau sur les zones limitrophes de la Libye et de l’Algérie. De plus, cette bascule d’effort ne serait pas suffisamment significative pour interdire des actions terroristes ponctuelles par des groupes jihadistes au sein desquels les Peul semblent jouer un rôle croissant.

Enfin, comment prétendre lutter contre le jihadisme menaçant les équilibres africains sans dénoncer son support idéologique qui est le wahhabisme, la religion d’État de l’Arabie saoudite et du Qatar ? Or, la France socialiste est de plus en plus liée à ces deux monarchies…

Bernard Lugan

source : bernardlugan.blogspot.fr

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