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lang="fr-FR"> Jeudi 14 novembre 2019 – Saint Josaphat, Évêque et Martyr, « Un martyr de l’Unité » - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Jeudi 14 novembre 2019 – Saint Josaphat, Évêque et Martyr, « Un martyr de l’Unité »

Sanctoral

Saint Josaphat – Évêque et Martyr

Né en 1580 à Wladimir, en Volhynie, Josaphat Kuncewitcz embrassa la vie monastique sous la Règle de Saint-Basile à l’âge d’environ vingt ans. Presque aussitôt chargé, malgré son jeune âge, de gouverner le monastère de Bytène, il devint, peu après, successivement Archimandrite de Vilna et archevêque de Polotsk.

Il travailla avec un zèle infatigable à la réunion des Églises. Il fut un grand ami des pauvres, à tel point qu’il mit un jour en gage son homophorion (pallium) archiépiscopal pour secourir une pauvre veuve. Les ennemis de l’union résolurent de le mettre à mort. Lui-même prédit dans un sermon sa mort imminente. Saint Josaphat étant venu, au cours d’un voyage de visite pastorale, à Vitebsk (Pologne), ses ennemis attaquèrent à l’improviste sa demeure et commencèrent à faire un grand massacre parmi les gens de sa suite. Le doux serviteur de Dieu se porta en hâte à leur rencontre et leur dit sur un ton plein de charité : « Mes enfants, que faites-vous ? Pourquoi massacrez-vous mes serviteurs et mes amis ? Si c’est à moi que vous en avez, me voici ! » Ils se jetèrent sur lui, le blessèrent et finalement le tuèrent d’un coup d’épée, le 12 novembre 1623. Il avait 43 ans. En 1875, lorsque la Russie supprima le dernier diocèse unit celui de Chelm, ses reliques furent mises en sûreté dans un lieu secret, pour être transférées, au cours de la guerre mondiale (1914-1918), à Vienne, où elles sont honorées aujourd’hui dans l’église des uniates dédiée à Sainte Barbe (on peut voir son corps, couché dans un cercueil de verre, revêtu des ornements épiscopaux et en partie intact.

Béatifié par Urbain VIII en 1642, Canonisé par Pie IX en 1867, Léon XIII inscrivit sa fête comme double fête en 1882 à la date du 14 novembre. A l’époque où plus que jamais l’on travaille et l’on prie pour le retour de l’Église orientale séparée à l’unité, il conviendrait d’honorer davantage le grand champion et patron de la réunion de l’Église grecque à Rome.

Martyrologe

Saint Josaphat, de l’Ordre de saint Basile, évêque de Polotsk et martyr, dont l’anniversaire est mentionné la veille des ides de novembre (12 novembre).

A Gangra, en Paphlagonie, saint Hypace évêque. A son retour du grand concile de Nicée, il mourut martyr sous les pierres dont il fut accablé par les hérétiques novatiens.

A Héraclée, en Thrace, l’anniversaire des saints martyrs Clémentin, Théodote et Philomène.

A Alexandrie, saint Sérapion martyr. Sous l’empereur Dèce, les persécuteurs le tourmentèrent avec une telle cruauté qu’ils disloquèrent tous ses membres; ils le précipitèrent ensuite de l’étage supérieur d’une maison: il devint ainsi un glorieux martyr du Christ.

A Troyes, en Gaule, le martyr saint Vénérand, sous l’empereur Aurélien.

En Gaule, la vierge sainte Vénérande, qui sous l’empereur Antonin et le préfet Asclépiade, reçut la couronne du martyre.

A Emèse, en Phénicie, la passion de plusieurs saintes femmes, qui, sous le très cruel Mady, chef des Arabes, furent affreusement torturées et mises à mort pour la foi du Christ.

A Bologne, saint Jocond, évêque et confesseur.

A Eu, en Gaule, le trépas de saint Laurent, évêque de Dublin.

A Alger, en Afrique, le Bienheureux Sérapion. Le premier de l’Ordre de Sainte-Marie de la Merci pour le rachat des captifs. Pour la délivrance des chrétiens captifs et la prédication de la foi chrétienne, il fut mis en croix, eut tout le corps déchiqueté et mérita de recevoir la palme du martyre.

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