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Histoire des décorations (Bertrand Galimard Flavigny) - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Bertrand Galimard Flavigny est l’auteur de plusieurs ouvrages sur l’histoire des ordres de chevalerie, notamment l’ordre de Malte, ainsi que sur la bibliophilie.

Le système des récompenses honorifiques est aussi ancien que les sociétés constituées. Ainsi, les Romains avaient compris que les supériorités des naissances ne supposaient pas toujours la supériorité des talents et des vertus. De là l’institution des récompenses militaires, dona militariaainsi que des récompenses civiles. Et de nombreux éléments de leur système de récompenses honorifiques ont resurgi tout au long des siècles suivants.

Après avoir rappelé l’histoire des ordres de chevalerie et leur aspect militaire et religieux, l’auteur aborde la création par Louis XIV de l’ordre royal de Saint-Louis, premier ordre de chevalerie uniquement institué pour être la récompense et la marque de la valeur, des services et des talents militaires. Pour y être admis, il fallait avoir servi dans l’armée pendant dix ans, durée rapidement portée à vingt ans. La religion catholique étant religion d’Etat, seuls les officiers catholiques pouvaient être admis. Premier des ordres de mérite, l’ordre royal de Saint-Louis n’exigeait aucune preuve de noblesse à fournir. L’ordre de Saint-Louis, dès sa création, sera le plus populaire en France, l’un des plus prestigieux d’Europe et jouira d’une estime particulière en dehors de l’armée, à telle enseigne qu’il ne fut pas concerné par la loi du 6 août 1791 abolissant les ordres royaux.

Une part importante de ce livre est bien évidemment consacrée à la Légion d’honneur dont les insignes furent et sont encore la partie émergée du système des récompenses honorifiques. Mais l’auteur évoque également l’histoire d’autres récompenses telles que l’ordre impérial de la Réunion, l’ordre de la Libération, l’ordre national du mérite, la Médaille militaire, etc.

Histoire des décorations, Bertrand Galimard Flavigny, éditions Perrin, 320 pages, 22 euros

A commander en ligne sur le site de l’éditeur

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