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Fonds européens contre les migrants : ainsi l'Espagne bloque les flux et le Maroc empoche - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Après l’urgence migratoire de 2018, en Espagne les flux ont diminué. La tactique de Madrid : renforcer les rapports avec le Maroc pour bloquer l’immigration grâce aux fonds européens.

En 2018, l’Espagne était le pays qui a subi le plus grand nombre de débarquements de clandestins : selon l’UNHCR, le Haut Commissariat des Nations Unies pour les Réfugiés, sont arrivés outre 65 000 « migrants ». La même année les débarquements en Grèce ne représentaient que 32 000 et ceux en Italie 23 000.

L’an dernier, le gouvernement espagnol a été confronté à une vraie invasion, particulièrement dans son enclave de Ceuta. Pour palier ce phénomène, Madrid a donc renforcé ses rapports avec le Maroc, pays clé pour la gestion des flux migratoires.

La seconde moitié de 2019 a vu une inversion de la tendance. Comme rapporte le quotidien italien La Stampa l’Aquarius en 2018 et la tentative de secours d’Open Arms représentent des exceptions, ce sont plutôt des petites embarcations qui arrivent sur les côtes espagnoles, rendant l’invasion plus imperceptible par la population locale même si cette question de l’immigration inquiète de plus en plus d’Espagnols.

C’est aux confins avec le Maroc que se joue la partie de l’immigration, entre les enclaves espagnoles de Ceuta et Melilla et l’Union européenne : les rapports entre l’Espagne et le Maroc sont depuis toujours des secrets d’État et Madrid use son voisin arabe comme le méchant policier qui fait le sale travail, mais dont elle subit ensuite le chantage.

Le pays nord-africain a compris qu’il peut utiliser la traite des êtres humains à son avantage, comme un levier financier continuel. Et ainsi, en diverses occasions, il a ouvert et fermé le robinet de l’immigration. Et de Madrid et Bruxelles continue à arriver de l’argent dans les poches de Rabat pour bloquer les flux migratoires. Après la colonisation européenne en Afrique, c’est au tour de l’Afrique de coloniser l’Europe…

Francesca de Villasmundo


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