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Diabète : une vraie fausse bonne nouvelle - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Relayée par des sites comme Shots (piqûre) du 9 octobre, la revue médicale internationale Cell spécialisée dans les cellules souches nous apporte une bonne nouvelle. Elle nous apprend qu’enfin des cellules pancréatiques ont été élaborées à partir de cellules souches extraites de l’embryon. L’insuline est secrétée par des cellules dites bêta (β) du pancréas. Leur déficience entraîne une augmentation du sucre dans le sang. C’est le diabète, responsable d’une grande partie des maladies humaines.

Cela fait quinze ans que des recherches sont effectuées dans ce sens. Or Doug Melton, chercheur à la Harvard Medical School explique avoir enfin trouvé la piste d’un traitement définitif du diabète. Il affirme avoir développé des lignées entières de cellules souches pancréatiques à partir d’embryons. Il les a nommées SC β (cellules souches bêta). Ce serait un coup de tonnerre dans l’histoire de la médecine ; mais aussi cela assurerait le premier succès basé sur la destruction d’embryons humains. Melton explique avec humour que si on veut faire un gâteau au chocolat avec de la framboise, on peut avoir tous les ingrédients ; ce n’est pas pour autant qu’une recette miracle de ce mélange sera élaborée. Soit ! Des dizaines de scientifiques ont en vain essayé d’obtenir un tel succès. Mais lui-même analyse qu’il y a un réel problème moral dans le fait de détruire des embryons. Point final…  Tous ceux qui dans le monde détruisent des embryons pour la recherche comme Peschanski en France peuvent retrouver la joie de vivre et de travailler. Voilà pour les effets de manchettes…

Mais on oublie la suite au médicalement correct. Tout simplement, Melton explique qu’il devrait pouvoir obtenir les mêmes résultats avec les fameuses cellules souches iPS découvertes par Yamanaka prélevées dans la peau. Il va travailler dans ce sens. Pas tellement par souci moral. Mais il a fait toutes ses expériences sur des souris immunodéprimées biologiquement. Il sait parfaitement que ces cellules embryonnaires SC β ont toutes les chances d’être rejetées par un organisme humain sain par ailleurs. Sans parler du risque de cancérisation. D’où la réaction du chercheur qui estime qu’un résultat par une autre voie sera moins dangereuse. Il a raison.

La conclusion est simple. Ce n’est pas la première fois qu’une telle annonce a été faite. A partir d’embryons a été mise au point une pompe à insuline à base de cellules souches embryonnaires. Mais rien ne prouve qu’à ce jour elle puisse être adaptée à l’homme. Les cellules souches dites adultes offrent une voie royale ainsi que les cellules iPS. Wait and see comme disent les Britanniques.

Cet article vous a plu ? MPI est une association à but non lucratif qui offre un service de réinformation gratuit et qui ne subsiste que par la générosité de ses lecteurs. Merci de votre soutien !

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