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C’est une démocratie qui censure le plus Internet ! - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Selon un article publié dans Forbes le 28 août, c’est l’Inde qui a le plus censuré le réseau internet sur une période de 30 mois s’étendant de janvier 2016 à mai 2018. Plus exactement, et c’est tout le paradoxe de ce genre d’articles un peu sensationnel, c’est l’Inde qui a le plus – et de loin – provoqué une « panne générale du réseau », plus que tous les autres pays réunis. A priori, cela parait étrange, surtout que dans la liste, on ne trouve ni Cuba, ni la Chine, ni la Corée du Nord, mais des pays qui sont généralement anocratiques : Turquie, Ethiopie, République Démocratique du Congo, Egypte, Tchad, avec bien sur des démocraties sur lesquelles il y aurait à redire : Pakistan, Irak et des régimes autoritaires : Syrie, Iran. En fait, c’est on ne peut plus logique, pour la bonne et simple raison que les dictatures contrôlent déjà Internet en amont et n’ont pas besoin d’éteindre le réseau, la Syrie et l’Iran étant d’ailleurs des régimes autoritaires à la limite de l’anocratie.

En Inde, le moindre prétexte est utilisé par le gouvernement pour mettre le réseau en panne : troubles politiques, protestations, opérations militaires… et même, dans l’Inde occidentale, une mise en panne du réseau en période d’examen scolaire pour éviter la fraude ! Il y a quelques semaines, le gouvernement indien a coupé l’accès à Internet durant 45 jours dans la province du Darjeeling, dans le Bengale occidentale, pour faire taire des activistes réclamant la constitution d’un état à part (coincé entre le Népal, le Sikkim et le Bhoutan, le Darjeeling a son histoire propre qui n’a rien à voir avec celle du Bengale occidental). La province limitrophe du Bihar a vu le district du Nawada privé d’Internet pendant 40 jours pour des troubles locaux. Selon un rapport du Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), le gouvernement indien à provoqué 16.315 heures de pannes de réseaux entre 2012 et 2017, provoquant une perte économique sèche de 3,04 milliards de $.

Sur la période étudiée, l’Inde a provoqué 154 pannes de réseaux, contre 19 pour le Pakistan, 8 pour l’Irak et la Syrie, 7 pour la Turquie, 5 pour l’Ethiopie et la République Démocratique du Congo, 4 pour l’Iran, 3 pour le Tchad et l’Egypte.

Hristo XIEP

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