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La grande histoire de Versailles (Georges Poisson) - https://dev.medias-presse.info
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Georges Poisson est conservateur général du patrimoine et ancien professeur à l’Ecole du Louvre et à l’université Paris-III. Il est aussi l’auteur de nombreux livres à succès.

Il signe cette fois un panorama de l’histoire de Versailles et de son château classé parmi les tout premiers sites au patrimoine mondial de l’Unesco.

Le premier château de Versailles fut terminé en 1626. Il était en fer à cheval, les extrémités des ailes réunies par un mur de clôture avec portail d’entrée. Le corps de logis principal contenait au premier étage l’appartement du roi. Au rez-de-chaussée et dans les combles, des chambres modestes pouvaient accueillir les familiers et les proches. Dans ses mémoires datant de 1627, Bassompierre évoque le « chétif château de Versailles, de la construction duquel un simple gentilhomme ne voudrait pas prendre vanité ». Saint-Simon le qualifie de « château de cartes ». Pourtant, c’est bien au château de Versailles que Louis XIII s’évade lors des grandes crises de son règne et de sa vie. A partir de l’année 1631, le roi assigne au site une nouvelle vocation : Versailles ne sera plus un rendez-vous de chasse, mais une résidence privilégiée où il recevra ceux qu’il veut honorer d’une façon particulière. Dans cet esprit, regrettant d’avoir fait construire une demeure aussi modeste et d’architecture médiocre, il décide, pour continuer à y séjourner, de la reconstruire par étapes. De 1631 à 1634, il signe huit contrats pour reconstruction et agrandissement partiel de la demeure.

La mort de Louis XIII, le 14 mai 1643, semblait sonner l’abandon de Versailles. Anne d’Autriche, régente, détestait l’endroit et, dès l’année suivante, en supprima les crédits. Mais Louis XIV y revient. En 1660-1661 débutent les nouveaux projets pour le parc. Puis il importe de faire de ce petit château  campagnard une résidence confortable. Versailles n’est pas encore sa résidence officielle. Il y vient chasser, dîner ou passer quelques jours avec des amis. Mais bientôt Versailles devient la prestigieuse et luxueuse résidence du Roi-Soleil. Et ce livre nous décrit toutes les étapes, et mille anecdotes, jusqu’à l’aboutissement au Palais que l’on connaît et à la vie fastueuse qui y fut menée.

L’ouvrage décrit encore le rôle de Versailles jusqu’à la chute de la Monarchie ainsi que la façon dont la République s’y installa.

La grande histoire de Versailles, Georges Poisson, éditions Perrin, 464 pages, 25 euros

A commander en ligne sur le site de l’éditeur 

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